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CHIAPAS

NOMALAND — Fri, 12 May 2023 15:06:55 +0000

what to do in chiapas

Hi we are Sami & Valeria, an Italian couple who after traveling around the world, fell in love with Mexico! In our Blog you will discover all sides of this big country, from natural and cultural beauties to exploring the hidden and dark sides. Let’s discover together passion & beauty of this amazing folk which once it enters your heart will never leave it again! Also covering our hometown (Rome) and many other places where we have lived, we wish you a wonderful reading!

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What to do in Chiapas - An Amazing Adventure

We recently had the opportunity of traveling to Chiapas, Mexico, and it was just amazing. Every part of the trip was full of wonder and excitement, from touring Palenque’s ancient ruins to swimming in the turquoise waters of the Agua Azul Waterfalls.

The colonial village of San Cristobal de las Casas was brimming with charm and personality, and the boat journey through the Sumidero Canyon was simply stunning. The trip’s high point was definitely Yaxchilan, with its exquisite stone temples and luscious jungle settings. Chiapas is a real treasure of Mexico, and we can’t wait to go back and discover even more of its distinct culture and breathtaking scenery.

What to do in Chiapas - PALENQUE

The Mexican state of Chiapas is home to the historic Mayan city of Palenque. Certainly for those who are interested in history and archaeology, it is among the top places to see in Chiapas.

The city was founded in the seventh century AD, and basically it reached its zenith in the eighth. The spectacular pyramids, temples, and other remains of the ancient city can still be despite explored by tourists today.

The Temple of the Inscriptions, which contains the grave of the city’s founder, Pakal the Great, is one of Palenque’s most well-known structures. Certainly one of the most important finds in Mesoamerican archaeology, the tomb was found in 1952.

In addition to being significant historically, Palenque is a lovely place to visit, one of the best places to visit in Chiapas. The ruins are situated in a luxuriant jungle setting, offering a fantastic backdrop for exploration. The sculptures and architecture of the old city can be admired by visitors on their own or with a guide.

Furthermore Palenque has a ton of outdoor recreation options, such as hiking, swimming, and exploring the local caves and waterfalls.

Palenque is certainly among the top destinations in Chiapas to visit if you’re fascinated by prehistoric history and breathtaking natural beauty. It is a must-visit location for anybody. Discover its well-preserved remains, stunning surroundings, and interesting history.

What to do in Chiapas - SAN CRISTOBAL DE LAS CASAS

Chiapas, Mexico’s mountains are home to the lovely historic hamlet of San Cristobal de las Casas. It’s regarded as one of the top tourist destinations in Chiapas because of its thriving culture, stunning architecture, and mouthwatering cuisine.

The Zocalo, the town’s main square, is a favorite gathering place for both locals and tourists. It’s a wonderful spot especially to unwind and take in the ambience of the town. Surrounded by stunning colonial buildings and embellished with fountains and trees, just Amazing!

The architecture is certainly one of its features. Churches, houses, and municipal buildings are among the town’s many exquisite colonial structures. The Cathedral of San Cristobal dominating the town’s skyline is the most well-known of these. A must-see for architecture fans!

It’s one of the best place to visit in Chiapas, renowned for both its architecture and its thriving culture. Numerous indigenous cultures reside in the town, and tourists are welcome! You can browse the local markets and shops to find authentic textiles and handicrafts. The town also holds a lot of cultural events all year long, like festivals and music performances.

It offers a wide variety of culinary delights. The community is renowned for its delectable cuisine, which features regional delicacies like tamales and pozol. Pozol is a traditional drink made from corn, as well as standard Mexican cuisines.

What to do in Chiapas - SUMIDERO CANYON

One of Chiapas, Mexico’s most stunning natural beauties and one of the top destinations for tourists, is Sumidero Canyon. With rocks towering up to 1,000 meters above the river below, the canyon is nearly 20 kilometers long.

Taking a riverboat cruise is one of the greatest ways to experience Sumidero Canyon. The excursions normally leave from Chiapa de Corzo and give tourists a distinctive view of the canyon’s soaring cliffs and gushing waterfalls.

In addition, the canyon is home to a wide variety of flora and animals, including birds, monkey, and reptile species. Numerous species of eagles soar over the canyon walls. Tourists frequently see crocodiles lazing in the sun on the riverbanks.

Sumidero Canyon has a rich cultural past in addition to its natural beauty. The canyon was a significant location for the prehistoric Maya culture, and tourists can still see ruins and artifacts that serve as reminders of their existence.

A crucial location for local conservation efforts is Sumidero Canyon. The black howler monkey and the Central American river turtle are two examples of the endangered animals that call the canyon home. Visitors to the canyon can learn about these conservation initiatives and how crucial it is to preserve the biodiversity of the area.

It’s one of the top destinations in Chiapas for tourists interested in natural beauty, cultural history, and environmental education. Travel through the area because of its towering cliffs, gushing waterfalls, and variety of fauna.

A little Paradise: AGUA AZUL WATERFALLS

One of Mexico’s most beautiful natural beauties, Agua Azul Waterfalls is regarded as one of the region’s top tourist destinations. The waterfalls are a collection of streams and ponds with cascading turquoise water that cascade through the deep jungle.

To get near to the waterfalls, visitors can stroll through the beautiful jungle, or they can cool down in one of the natural pools. The water is pleasant and extremely clear, making it the ideal spot to cool off on a hot day.

The Agua Azul Waterfalls are a crucial location for local conservation efforts. The scarlet macaw and the jaguar are just two of the endangered species that call this region home. Visitors can learn about these conservation initiatives and how crucial it is to preserve the biodiversity of the area.

Agua Azul Waterfalls are stunning in nature, but they also have a long cultural history. Visitors can still view ruins and relics that serve as reminders of the ancient Maya civilization’s significance to the waterfalls.

Agua Azul Waterfalls is among the top destinations in Chiapas to visit! Learn about cultural heritage, natural beauty, or conservation. If you are searching for flowing blue pools, thick jungle, and variety of fauna, this is the right place!

Ruins of YAXCHILAN

A historic Mayan city called Yaxchilan can be found in the deep forest of Chiapas, Mexico. It had a vital role in Mayan politics and culture during the Classical era. On the banks of the Usumacinta River, which was a significant commerce route in ancient times, lie the ruins of Yaxchilan.

Yaxchilan’s impressively maintained city remains, which include monuments like temples, palaces, and ball courts, may be explored by tourists. Yaxchilan is known for its stunning stelae, or huge stone monuments, which are adorned with elaborate sculptures and hieroglyphics that shed light on the history and culture of the city.

Visitors must go by boat along the Usumacinta River to get to Yaxchilan, which provides breathtaking views of the surrounding jungle and fauna, including monkeys, crocodiles, and unusual birds. Traveling through the distant and unexplored jungle of Chiapas to reach the ruins is part of the adventure.

For those who are interested in history and archaeology, Yaxchilan is regarded as one of the top tourist destinations in Chiapas. The city’s striking structures and admirably kept relics offer a window into the fascinating Mayan culture.

Visitors to Yaxchilan can also check out adjacent sites like the ruins at Bonampak, which are renowned for their well-preserved murals showing Mayan daily life. Also close is the Lacandon Jungle, which is home to indigenous people and a wide variety of plant and animal species.

Yaxchilan should not be missed by anyone with a passion for history and culture. It is a singular and unforgettable experience due to its secluded location and well-preserved ruins, and its gorgeous natural surroundings only contribute to enhance its allure.

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ROME

NOMALAND — Tue, 02 May 2023 21:40:15 +0000

why rome fell

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Why Rome Fell - The City of Rome & the Roman Empire

Why Rome Fell? Rome has a long and colorful past dating back more than 2,500 years. Legend has it that two brothers named Romulus and Remus, who were fostered by a she-wolf, built the city in 753 BCE. It came to be one of the most important and influential cities in the world, even though this story’s historical authenticity is debatable.

Why Rome Fell - First Ancient History

Why Rome Fell – Up until the founding of the Roman Republic in 509 BCE, Rome was governed by a monarchy, with a succession of seven kings ruling over the city. Rome underwent a great phase of growth during which it expanded into nearby lands and established itself as the dominant force in the area.

During the Republican era, Rome was ruled by a complex system of government that featured two consuls and a Senate. The Senate was comprised of wealthy and influential citizens, and held significant power over the affairs of the state. Roman Republic was also marked by a series of wars, most notably the Punic Wars against Carthage, which solidified Rome’s position as a dominant power in the Mediterranean.

In 27 BCE, the Roman Republic was transformed into the Roman Empire with the rise of Julius Caesar’s adopted son, Octavian, who took the name Augustus. Augustus established himself as the first Roman emperor, and ushered in a period of relative peace and stability known as the Pax Romana.

Why Rome Fell - The HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE

From 27 BC to 476 AD, the Roman Empire was a vast and significant civilisation that lasted for more than five centuries. It developed from the Roman Republic, which was founded in 509 BC after the monarchy of Rome was overthrown.

Through military conquests and expansion, Rome’s power and influence grew steadily during the Republic. By 146 BC, Rome had vanquished its biggest foe, Carthage, and had taken control of the Mediterranean region. Pax Romana, or “Roman Peace,” is a period of peace and prosperity that followed this victory.

The Roman Empire saw significant cultural, economic, and political expansion during the Pax Romana. With a strong emphasis on learning and intellectual pursuits, the empire evolved into a melting pot of cultures. Colosseum was one of the most well-known structures ever built during this period.

Many of the greatest accomplishments of the empire were the work of emperors like Augustus, Trajan, and Hadrian. A long-lasting political structure was built by Augustus, and Trajan gave the empire its greatest territorial reach. Hadrian was renowned for his magnificent construction endeavors, which include the well-known wall that bears his name in England.

MORE REASONS

The Roman Empire faced a number of difficulties despite its numerous achievements. Third Century was a time of confusion and upheaval that resulted from political unrest and economic deterioration. Barbarian tribes frequently invaded the empire, and there were numerous civil battles fought over the throne.

It was divided into the Eastern Roman Empire and the Western Roman Empire in the latter part of the fourth century AD. Western Empire fell in 476 AD after the last emperor, Romulus Augustus, was overthrown by the Germanic warlord Odoacer. Eastern Empire, which would later be known as the Byzantine Empire, endured until the fifteenth century AD.

Because of the Roman Empire’s contributions to building, language, law, and politics, their influence can still be felt today. A model for many facets of contemporary Western civilisation, and historians, academics, that all continue to research and celebrate it.

Why Rome Fell?

There were a number of circumstances that led to the fall of the Roman Empire, a complex and hotly contested topic among historians. The empire’s excessive expansion, which made it challenging to keep control and defend against invasions, was one important factor. In addition to creating economic instability and high taxation, the ongoing fighting put a pressure on the Roman economy.

Christianity, which posed a threat to conventional Roman beliefs and ideals, was another cause. In the empire, this led to friction and strife, especially between the Christian minority and the pagan majority.

Rome’s demise was also impacted by the military’s downfall. The Roman army, which had once been the strongest in the world, gradually grew weaker and less effective. As a result, the empire became open to assault by hostile parties.

Finally, the corruption and political unrest inside the Roman administration also played a role in the collapse of the empire. Through political rivalries and power struggles within the ruling class weakened the empire and made it challenging to uphold law and order.

Overall, a mix of internal and external circumstances led to the collapse of the Roman Empire. While some say that it was inevitable, others claim that the empire might have endured with better governance and reforms. However, Rome’s effect on Western civilisation is still felt today, especially in the fields of law, language, and architecture.

MODERN ERA

Rome’s past persisted for a very long time after the Roman Empire was destroyed. Meanwhile Rome was temporarily ruled by the Ostrogoths in the sixth century AD, followed by the Byzantine Empire. It was ruled by the Franks and the Papacy in the eighth century.

However Rome gained strength and significance as the seat of the Catholic Church during the Middle Ages. The papacy relocated to Avignon, France, in the 14th and 15th centuries before returning to Rome, where it remained the seat of the Catholic Church.

Despite it all, The Eternal City saw a renaissance of art and architecture throughout the Renaissance, with the creation of spectacular structures like St. Peter’s Basilica, the Sistine Chapel, and the Vatican Palace. Rome, however, experienced political instability and was frequently ruled by outside forces, like during the Napoleonic Wars.

It was chosen to serve as the nation’s capital in the 19th century. With the construction of new streets, buildings, and public areas, the city saw substantial urban development. The Eternal City was modernized, but some of its old districts and structures were also demolished as a result.

Rome was bombed heavily while Nazi Germany seized the city during World War II. It was a key location for the Treaty of Rome, which formed the European Economic Community, the forerunner of the European Union, and played a significant part in Europe’s post-war reconstruction.

ROME NOW

Rome is a bustling, international city that draws millions of visitors each year to its museums, art galleries, and historic sites. Continuing to be the heart of the Catholic Church and a representation of Italian tradition and culture, It has maintained its historic identity despite modernity, with many of its antique structures and monuments remaining surviving and being well-preserved.

In conclusion, Rome has a long and varied history that dates back more than two thousand years. From its insignificant beginnings as a little town to its position as a superpower, as well as its decline and rebirth, Rome has experienced it all.

Throughout its history, the city has encountered many difficulties, such as wars, invasions, and political instability. And despite everything, Rome has remained a cultural and historical icon, and the legacy it has left behind continues to fascinate and inspire people all over the world.

Look also at : WHAT TO DO IN ROME

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NARCOS (Mexican Drug War)

NOMALAND — Sat, 01 Apr 2023 12:56:20 +0000

narcos mexican drug war

Hi everybody we are Sami & Valeria, an Italian couple who after traveling around the world, fell in love with Mexico! In our Blog you will discover all sides of this big country, from natural and cultural beauties to exploring the hidden and dark sides. Let’s discover together passion & beauty of this amazing folk which once it enters your heart will never leave it again! Also covering our hometown (Rome) and many other places where we have lived, we wish you a wonderful reading!

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Narcos Mexican Drug War

Narcos Mexican Drug War is the Mexican theater of the global war on drugs, as led by the U.S. federal government, that has resulted in an ongoing asymmetric low-intensity conflict between the Mexican government and various drug trafficking syndicates.

When the Mexican military began to intervene in 2006, the government’s principal goal was to reduce drug-related violence. The Mexican government has asserted that their primary focus is on dismantling the powerful drug cartels, and on preventing drug trafficking demand along with the U.S. functionaries.

Violence escalated soon after the arrest of Miguel Ángel Félix Gallardo in 1989; he was the leader and the founder of the first Mexican drug cartel, the Guadalajara Cartel, an alliance of the current existing cartels (which included the Sinaloa Cartel, the Juarez Cartel, the Tijuana Cartel, and the Sonora Cartel).

Due to his arrest, the alliance broke and certain high-ranking members formed their own cartels and each of them fought for control of territory and trafficking routes.

Narcos Mexican Drug War - THE ORIGINS

The birth of most Mexican drug cartels is traced to former Mexican Judicial Federal Police agent Miguel Ángel Félix Gallardo (Spanish: El Padrino, lit. ’The Godfather’), who founded the Guadalajara Cartel in 1980 and controlled most of the illegal drug trade in Mexico and the trafficking corridors across the Mexico–U.S. border along with Juan García Ábrego throughout the 1980s.

He started off by smuggling marijuana and opium into the U.S., and was the first Mexican drug chief to link up with Colombia’s cocaine cartels in the 1980s. Through his connections, Félix Gallardo became the person at the forefront of the Medellín Cartel, which was run by Pablo Escobar.

This was easily accomplished because Félix Gallardo had already established a marijuana trafficking infrastructure that stood ready to serve the Colombia-based cocaine traffickers. There were no other cartels at that time in Mexico. He oversaw all operations; there was just him, his cronies, and the politicians who sold him protection.

However, the Guadalajara Cartel suffered a major blow in 1985 when the group’s co-founder Rafael Caro Quintero was captured, and later convicted, for the murder of DEA agent Enrique “Kiki” Camarena. Félix Gallardo afterwards kept a low profile and in 1987 he moved with his family to Guadalajara.

FELIX GALLARDO

According to Peter Dale Scott, the Guadalajara Cartel prospered largely because it enjoyed the protection of the Dirección Federal de Seguridad (DFS), under its chief Miguel Nazar Haro.

Félix Gallardo was arrested on April 8, 1989. He then decided to divide up the trade he controlled as it would be more efficient and less likely to be brought down in one law enforcement swoop. In a way, he was privatizing the Mexican drug business while sending it back underground, to be run by bosses who were less well known or not yet known by the DEA.

Félix Gallardo sent his lawyer to convene the nation’s top drug traffickers at a house in Acapulco where he designated the plazas or territories. The Tijuana route would go to his nephews the Arellano Felix brothers. The Ciudad Juárez route would go to the Carrillo Fuentes family. Miguel Caro Quintero would run the Sonora corridor. Meanwhile, Joaquín Guzmán Loera and Ismael Zambada García would take over Pacific coast operations, becoming the Sinaloa Cartel. Guzmán and Zambada brought veteran Héctor Luis Palma Salazar back into the fold.

The control of the Matamoros, Tamaulipas corridor—then becoming the Gulf Cartel—would be left undisturbed to its founder Juan García Ábrego, who was not a party to the 1989 pact.

Félix Gallardo still planned to oversee national operations, as he maintained important connections, but he would no longer control all details of the business. When he was transferred to a high-security prison in 1993, he lost any remaining control over the other drug lords.

Narcos Mexican Drug War - BACKGROUND

Due to its location, Mexico has long been used as a staging and transshipment point for narcotics and contraband between Latin America and U.S. markets. Mexican bootleggers supplied alcohol to the United States gangsters throughout the duration of Prohibition in the United States, and the onset of the illegal drug trade with the U.S. began when prohibition came to an end in 1933. Towards the end of the 1960s, Mexican narcotic smugglers started to smuggle drugs on a major scale.

During the 1970s and early 1980s, Colombia’s Pablo Escobar was the main exporter of cocaine and dealt with organized criminal networks all over the world. While Escobar’s Medellin Cartel and the Cali Cartel would manufacture the products, Miguel Ángel Félix Gallardo’s Guadalajara Cartel would oversee distribution.

When enforcement efforts intensified in South Florida and the Caribbean, the Colombian organizations formed partnerships with the Mexico-based traffickers to transport cocaine by land through Mexico into the United States.

This was easily accomplished because Mexico had long been a major source of heroin and cannabis, and drug traffickers from Mexico had already established an infrastructure that stood ready to serve the Colombia-based traffickers. By the mid-1980s, the organizations from Mexico were well-established and reliable transporters of Colombian cocaine.

At first, the Mexican gangs were paid in cash for their transportation services, but in the late 1980s, the Mexican transport organizations and the Colombian drug traffickers settled on a payment-in-product arrangement.

PABLO ESCOBAR

The balance of power between the various Mexican cartels continually shifts as new organizations emerge and older ones weaken and collapse. A disruption in the system, such as the arrests or deaths of cartel leaders, generates bloodshed as rivals move in to exploit the power vacuum.

Leadership vacuums are sometimes created by law enforcement successes against a particular cartel, so cartels often will attempt to pit law enforcement against one another, either by bribing corrupt officials to take action against a rival or by leaking intelligence about a rival’s operations to the Mexican or U.S. government’s Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA).

While many factors have contributed to the escalating violence, security analysts in Mexico City trace the origins of the rising scourge to the unraveling of a longtime implicit arrangement between narcotics traffickers and governments controlled by the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), which began to lose its grip on political power in the late 1980s.^[

The fighting between rival drug cartels began in earnest after the 1989 arrest of Félix Gallardo, who ran the cocaine business in Mexico. There was a lull in the fighting during the late 1990s but the violence has steadily worsened since 2000.

Narcos Mexican Drug War: SOURCES & USE

Mexico is a major drug transit and producing country. It is the main foreign supplier of cannabis and an important entry point of South American cocaine and Asian methamphetamine to the United States. It is believed that almost half the cartels’ revenues come from cannabis. Cocaine, heroin, and increasingly methamphetamine are also traded.

The U.S. State Department estimates that 90 percent of cocaine entering the United States is produced in Colombia (followed by Bolivia and Peru) and that the main transit route is through Mexico. Drug cartels in Mexico control approximately 70% of the foreign narcotics flow into the United States.

Although Mexico accounts for only a small share of worldwide heroin production, it supplies a large share of the heroin distributed in the United States.

Since 2003 Mexican cartels have used the dense, isolated portions of U.S. federal and state parks and forests to grow marijuana under the canopy of thick trees. Billions of dollars’ worth of marijuana has been produced annually on U.S. soil.

D.E.A

“In 2006, federal and state authorities seized over 550,000 marijuana plants worth an estimated 1 billion dollars in Kentucky’s remote Appalachian counties”. Cartels profited from marijuana growing operations from Arkansas to Hawaii.

The prevalence of illicit drug use in Mexico is still low compared to the United States; however, with the increased role of Mexico in the trafficking and production of illicit drugs, the availability of drugs has slowly increased locally since the 1980s. In the decades before this period, consumption was not generalized – reportedly occurring mainly among persons of high socioeconomic status, intellectuals and artists.

As the United States of America is the world’s largest consumer of cocaine, as well as of other illegal drugs, their demand is what motivates the drug business, and the main goal of Mexican cartels is to introduce narcotics into the U.S.

The export rate of cocaine to the U.S. has decreased following stricter border control measures in response to the September 11 attacks.

This has led to a surplus of cocaine which has resulted in local Mexican dealers attempting to offload extra narcotics along trafficking routes, especially in border areas popular among low income North American tourists.

Drug shipments are often delayed in Mexican border towns before delivery to the U.S., which has forced drug traffickers to increase prices to account for transportation costs of products across international borders, making it a more profitable business for the drug lords, and has likely contributed to the increased rates of local drug consumption.

With increased cocaine use, there has been a parallel rise in demand for drug user treatment in Mexico.

Major Cartels in the War

Sinaloa

Juarez

Tijuana

Gulf

La Familia

Knights Templar

CJNG

Nueva Plaza

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ISLA MUJERES

NOMALAND — Fri, 20 Jan 2023 07:18:28 +0000

isla mujeres mexico

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Isla Mujeres Mexico: Best Things to Do

Isla Mujeres is a small island located in the Caribbean Sea 13 km off the coast of the northeastern part of the Yucatán peninsula in the northeastern part of the State of Quintana Roo, right in front of Cancún.

It is part of the municipality of Isla Mujeres, which is much more extensive as it also includes over 1000 km² of territory on the continent. The island is about 7 km long and about 650 m wide. At the 2005 census it had a population of 13,315 people, 11,147 were the inhabitants of the town.

Isla Mujeres Mexico: PLAYA NORTE

A 10-minute walk from the Ferry Pier is the popular family beach of Playa Norte or North Beach. This is the main beach on Isla Mujeres and has been named one of the best beaches in the Caribbean!

The water here is calm, and shallow, making it a great spot for families or for just a chilled out day of floating around.

It is a tropical haven that provides a very unique beach experience. Playa Norte is a true picture-postcard location with its emerald green waves, fine white sands, and swaying palm trees. This spotless beach offers a secluded haven where guests may unwind and enjoy the sun in peace.

Swimming and snorkeling are made possible by the calm waves, which expose an undersea environment teeming with beautiful marine life. Additionally, Playa Norte has a bustling beachfront scene with inviting bars and eateries where guests can experience delectable regional food and sip cool cocktails while taking in breath-blowing Caribbean Sea vistas. Playa Norte is a must-see location for beach enthusiasts, regardless of whether you’re looking for action or pleasure.

PUNTA SUR

Punta Sur is located on the southern tip of Isla Mujeres. Here you can visit the Pre-Colombian Mayan Ruins of Ixchel, or simply admire the stunning views.

Garrafon Reef Park is also located here and is home to the Sculpture Garden. In 2001 the Sebastian Foundation and 23 famous artists from Mexico and around the world created sculptures to represent the Mayan civilisation.

There are different packages available for Garrafon Park . These packages also include activities such as zip-lining, snorkelling and kayaking.

Isla Mujeres Mexico: DAY TRIP TO ISLA CONTOY

Isla Contoy is located 30 km north of Isla Mujeres. This natural wildlife reserve and bird sanctuary is 9 km long and 20 metres wide and was declared a National Park in 1998.

Isla Contoy is one of the most important areas in Mexico for nesting sea birds and sea turtles. There is a maximum of 200 tourists allowed to visit on a daily basis. A day tour starts from $75 per person.

MUSA ( Underwater Museum of Art in Isla Mujeres )

One of the most popular activities in Isla Mujeres is to visit MUSA, (Museo Subacuático de Arte). You can tour the underwater museum by glass bottom boat to enjoy over 500 sculptures by the creator Jason deCaires Taylor.

For a better experience, and to get closer to the sculptures, head on a snorkelling tour or go scuba diving. MUSA was created to encourage visitors to visit an alternative area around Isla Mujeres taking the pressure off the nearby reef.

Underwater sculpture parks are created as tourist attractions, but they are also used as artificial reefs to help promote the growth of coral and the return of more marine life. A visit to underwater sculptures (by the same artist) is also one of the top things to do in Grenada, and the Bahamas.

The site in Isla Mujeres is divided into two galleries with 3 salons:

Salon Nizuc – at a depth of 4 metres and suitable for snorkelling, the Jungle Tour and the Glass Bottom Boat Tour;
Salon Punta Sam – suitable for snorkelling;
Salone Machones – at a depth of 8 metres and suitable for both snorkellers and scuba divers.

Isla Mujeres Mexico: GO FISHING

The turquoise blue waters off Isla Mujeres are perfect for deep-sea fishing, inshore fishing and spear fishing. The best months for sailfish and marlin are from mid-December through to July. If you enjoy tuna fishing the best months are between April and August.

Depending on what type of fishing you enjoy the most, there are many charter operators that will cater for your needs, ranging from charter boats to private yacht tours.

LA TORTUGA GRANJA – TURTLE FARM

Located on Sac Bajo is La Tortuga Granja, the hatching ground for the sea turtles on Isla Mujeres. From May to September these grand creatures lay their eggs in the soft sand where volunteers assist in gathering the eggs and placing them in pens to keep them safe from predators.

From August to October, you can witness the local children and tourists releasing the turtles into the ocean. As with the whale sharks, it is recommended that you don’t touch the sea turtles. Entrance fee is $3.00 per person.

Isla Mujeres Mexico: PUEBLO MAGICO (MAGIC TOWN)

In 2001 SECTUR (Mexican Board of Tourism) put together a Pueblo Magico program to recognise Mexican towns that have a special appeal or magic about them in 3 categories.

Natural Beauty

Historical

Cultural

Isla Mujeres now shares the title with over 80 other towns and cities throughout Mexico. Isla Mujeres has a special charm to it, making it a place you will want to return to again and again. It shares the limelight with the charming cobblestoned village of Tepoztlan and its magical pyramid, San Miguel de Allende, San Cristobal de Las Casas, Tulum and Taxco, to name a few.

GO SHOPPING

Shopping for authentic souvenirs and clothing is one of the top things to do in Mexico as a whole. There are the usual Mexican souvenir shops in Isla Mujeres but if you’re after Tequila or Mezcal, folk art, silver jewellery, hammocks and Mexican ceramics there are certain shops that you should check out. Some of the best shopping can be found along Avenida Rueda Medina, but don’t miss:

Galeria de Arte Mexicano – Av Guerrero 3 for silver jewellery
Galeria L’mento Arte – Av. Hidalgo, at Plaza Los Almendros for wooden boxes, ceramics and hand carved goods
Isla Mujeres Artist Fair – On the first Thursday of every month between November and April the fair takes place in the Zocalo between 4 pm and 9 pm. There are works of art, jewellery, clothing and book stalls with a selection of local food vendors offering Mexican cuisine.

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QUINTANA ROO

NOMALAND — Thu, 12 Jan 2023 10:36:30 +0000

quintana roo

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QUINTANA ROO

Quintana Roo, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Quintana Roo (Spanish: Estado Libre y Soberano de Quintana Roo), is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, make up the 32 federal entities of Mexico. It is divided into 11 municipalities and its capital city is Chetumal.

Quintana Roo is located on the eastern part of the Yucatán Peninsula and is bordered by the states of Campeche to the west and Yucatán to the northwest, and by the Orange Walk and Corozal districts of Belize, along with an offshore borderline with Belize District to the south.

As Mexico’s easternmost state, Quintana Roo has a coastline to the east with the Caribbean Sea and to the north with the Gulf of Mexico. The state previously covered 44,705 square kilometers (17,261 sq mi) and shared a small border with Guatemala in the southwest of the state.

However in 2013, Mexico’s Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation resolved the boundary dispute between Quintana Roo, Campeche, and Yucatán stemming from the creation of the Calakmul municipality by Campeche in 1997, siding with Campeche and thereby benefiting Yucatán.

Quintana Roo is the home of the city of Cancún, the islands of Cozumel and Isla Mujeres, and the towns of Bacalar, Playa del Carmen and Akumal, as well as the ancient Maya ruins of Chacchoben, Cobá, Kohunlich, Muyil, Tulum, Xel-Há, and Xcaret. The Sian Ka’an biosphere reserve is also located in the state.

The statewide population is expanding at a rapid rate due to the construction of hotels and the demand for workers. Many migrants come from Yucatán, Campeche, Tabasco, and Veracruz.

The state is frequently hit by severe hurricanes due to its exposed location, the most recent and severe being Hurricane Dean in 2007, which made landfall with sustained winds of 280 km/h (170 mph), with gusts up to 320 km/h (200 mph).

Quintana Roo: HISTORY

The area that makes up modern Quintana Roo was long part of Yucatán, sharing its history. With the Caste War of Yucatán, which started in the 1840s, all non-natives were driven from the region. The independent Maya nation of Chan Santa Cruz was based on what is now the town of Felipe Carrillo Puerto.

For decades it maintained considerable independence, having separate trade and treaty relationships with British Honduras, now Belize. Quintana Roo was made a territory of Mexico by decree of President Porfirio Díaz on November 24, 1902. It was named after an early patriot of the Mexican Republic, Andrés Quintana Roo.

The Mexican army succeeded in defeating most of the Maya population of the region during the 1910s. In 1915 the area was again declared to be legally part of the state of Yucatán.Quintana Roo was granted statehood within the United Mexican States on October 8, 1974. It is the Mexican Republic’s youngest state.

CLIMATE

According to the Köppen climate classification, much of the state has a tropical wet and dry climate (Aw) while the island of Cozumel has a tropical monsoon climate (Am). The mean annual temperature is 26 °C (78.8 °F).

The hottest months are April and August where the average high is 33 °C (91.4 °F) while January is coldest month with an average low of 17 °C (62.6 °F). Extreme temperatures can range from low of 10 °C (50.0 °F) in the coldest months to 36 °C (96.8 °F) in the hottest months.

Quintana Roo averages 1,300 mm (51 in) of precipitation per year, which falls throughout the year, though June to October are the wetter months. Hurricanes can occasionally hit the coastal areas during the hurricane season, particularly from September to November.

Quintana Roo: ECOSYSTEMS AND ANIMALS

There are four generalized ecosystems in Quintana Roo—tropical forests, or jungle; savanna, mangrove forests, and coral reefs. One of the byproducts of traditional and large-scale agriculture is the creation of additional habitats, such as second growth forest sand fields/pastures.

Queen seashell are also noted for their inhabitation of coastal territory. The wide variety of biotic organisms such as these has decreased drastically in the last fifteen years.

Tourism has caused Quintana Roo to become famous around the world in the last thirty or so years for its beaches, coastline and cenote sinkholes. Biological experts consider the coastline of Quintana Roo one of the best manatee habitats worldwide. Queen seashell are also noted for their inhabitation of coastal territory. The wide variety of biotic organisms such as these has decreased drastically in the last fifteen years.

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